Despite robust anti-smoking legislation enacted more than fifteen years ago, public smoking remains a widespread and largely unpunished practice across Chad, particularly within its capital, N’Djamena.
A brief stroll through N’Djamena immediately reveals the stark contrast between legal frameworks and everyday life. In bustling marketplaces such as the Central Market or Dembé, vendors and shoppers openly light up, their cigarette smoke mingling with the dust and diverse food aromas.
« We’ve grown accustomed to the constant cigarette smoke here; it’s something we inhale every day. Regulations were put in place, but nobody seems to follow them. It’s truly unacceptable », shared Pélagie, a local fish vendor.
« Other nations designate specific smoking zones, but regrettably, in Chad, we’re all exposed. Even within educational institutions and medical facilities, people smoke. The government absolutely needs to uphold its responsibilities », Christian added.
Numerous Chadians, like those quoted, find themselves involuntarily exposed to secondhand smoke in various settings, including bars, restaurants, and even taxis. « As an asthmatic and someone allergic to both cigarette and shisha smoke, I’ve stopped visiting restaurants because no one there adheres to the rules. »
Exposure to passive smoking significantly elevates the risk for non-smokers, predisposing them to various cancers, cardiovascular ailments, and respiratory conditions. Children and expectant mothers are especially susceptible to these dangers. Environmentally, discarded cigarette butts litter the streets and pose a considerable fire hazard.
Chad’s Law No. 010/PR/2010, enacted on June 10, 2010, specifically outlaws smoking across all public venues, enclosed workplaces, and public transportation. This legislation also extends protection to pregnant women and minors, while stipulating clear penalties for non-compliance.
Subsequent implementation decrees, such as Decree No. 1522/PR/MSP/2019, further detailed the practical application of the law. Public awareness campaigns were launched by the Ministry of Public Health and the N’Djamena city council, and an anti-tobacco brigade was even established. Despite these efforts, over a decade later, the effective enforcement of this crucial law continues to present a significant challenge across Chad.